India’s Strategic Posture and Its Impact on Pakistan–China Bilateral Relations

Abstract

This paper analyzes how India’s shifting strategic posture shapes the dynamics of Pakistan–China bilateral relations. It examines India’s military modernization, growing partnerships with major powers, and its assertive regional policies. These developments have intensified security concerns for both Pakistan and China, leading to deeper strategic convergence between them. The study also explores how India’s rise affects regional balance-of-power calculations in South Asia. Additionally, it assesses the implications of India’s Indo-Pacific engagement for Sino-Pak cooperation. Overall, the paper argues that India’s strategic orientation remains a key determinant influencing Pakistan–China political, military, and economic alignment.