The Concept Of Ideal Masculinity In Pashto Folklore as Portrayed Through Feminine Perspective

Abstract

Pashto folklore represents the distinct Pashtun culture and characteristics of Pashtun men and women again with their peculiar distinctness. This folklore has many genres but Pashto tappa is the most popular, which reflects all the different aspects of Pashtun culture. It is simple, short, anonymous and covers the whole social history of the nation. It would be apt to say that it has sprung from the ideal Pashtun code of conduct, Pashtunwali. Pashtunwali, as a code of life has provided guidance to Pashtuns about the different aspects of their life. Those who do not follow the rules of the code are considered as lesser Pashtuns. In short, Pashtunwali besides other aspects of Pashtun life has provided the concept of ideal masculinity from feminine perspective. Pashto tappa as a genre of the folklore has been termed a feminine genre by experts and scholars. They have provided different justifications for the argument. Firstly, it is an anonymous genre and so women have expressed their feelings very openly in it, without the fear of being known to the world due to the social norms. Moreover, so many tappas give a clear impression that these portray feminine feelings on different occasions. There are numerous tappas, which portray feminine feelings about ideal masculinity. Pashtun woman is the product of the social system and code, where the rules of Pashtunwali are strictly followed for ideal masculinity. It provides a system, where man is considered as the protector and provider for the family. He is also the defender of the family honor and is not a shirker from his responsibilities through thick and thin. A man, who is not able to fulfill all these responsibilities is considered a lesser Pashtun (moozi) and is not idealized by Pashtun woman. Pashtun woman laments her lot if she is compelled to live with a lesser Pashtun. She cannot go against the social norms but her feelings have been expressed in Pashto tappa. She would prefer being single or widow than be the wife of a lesser Pashtun.