Balancing National Security and Freedom of Expression in Pakistan: A Human Rights Perspective

Abstract

The tension between national security concerns and the fundamental right to freedom of expression is a central issue in Pakistan's legal landscape. This paper investigates how Pakistan's national security laws impact freedom of expression, with a specific focus on human rights. Through a qualitative doctrinal research approach and comparative analysis, this study evaluates the alignment of Pakistan's legal framework with international human rights standards, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The paper highlights key legal provisions, case law, and the role of censorship in restricting freedoms under the guise of national security. Finally, the paper proposes legal reforms aimed at limiting the scope of national security laws, strengthening judicial oversight, securing the media, and ensuring compliance with international human rights obligations.