Law Enforcement Challenges in Preventing Child Marriages in Rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP)

Abstract

Child marriage remains a critical challenge in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, despite existing legal frameworks aimed at its prevention. This article explores the multifaceted law enforcement challenges in curbing child marriage in KP’s rural areas, focusing on the intersection of outdated legislation, socio-cultural norms, institutional weaknesses, and economic pressures. Tribal customs such as “Vani” and the authority of jirgas often override formal laws, while poverty and limited education fuel early marriage practices. Law enforcement agencies face barriers including lack of training, resources, political interference, and fear of community backlash, which undermine efforts to prosecute offenders and protect vulnerable girls. The article examines the severe health, educational, and economic consequences of child marriage on girls and their communities. It also highlights ongoing government and NGO initiatives addressing the issue, while pointing out gaps in coordination, legislation, and social acceptance. Finally, the article provides actionable recommendations to strengthen legal enforcement, enhance institutional capacity, promote community engagement, and improve education access to create a sustainable path toward ending child marriage in KP. Addressing these challenges is vital to safeguarding children’s rights and promoting social and economic development in the region.